History of medicine 3

ANCIENT PERIOD - 499 A.D.

·         The end of the Mycenaean Civilization

·         An overview of the Greek and the Italian regions

·         Archeological Sites of Hellas

·         Greek Medicine from the Gods to Galen 

·         Greek Medicine  

·         Medicine in Ancient Greece, and about Greek & Roman Surgical Instruments  

·         Surgical Instruments from Ancient Rome  

·         The Medicine of Ancient Greece

·         About Aesculapius

·         About The Alexandrian School from the Antiqua Medicina  

·         Medicine in Homer

·         About Apollo

·         About Healer Cults and Sanctuaries  

·         About the Asklepieions at Epidauros, and Pergamon

·         About Alcmaeon of Croton  

·         About the Library of Alexandria

·         About Herophilus of Chalcedon and Erasistratus of Chios (ca. 304 - ca. 250 BC)  

·         About Erasistratus of Chios

·         On The neurology in the Hellenistic era: An harmonization of the philosophy with the science

·         18th Century Paintings of Erasistratus Discovering the Cause of Antiochus' Disease  

·         Hippocrates: The "Greek Miracle" in Medicine 

·         Hippocrates Works

·         Selected Works by Hippocrates and the Oath of Hippocrates  

·         (A Modern version of the Oath 

·         Greek Medicine and Life Science 

·         Greek Medicine

·         Aristotle (384-322 BC)

·         Some Selected Works by Aristotele, including Metaphysics  

·         About the Pyxis  

·         The Presocratic Influence upon Hippocratic Medicine

·         Aristotle on Teeth

·         Plato and His Dialogues 

·         Plato, Aristotle, and "Hippocrates" on the Heart  

·         About Pedanius Dioscorides (ca. 20 AD)

·         A Brief History of Clocks: From Thales to Ptolemy 

·         On Garlic's Ancient Serpent Connection 

·         On the Plague in Athens, about Thucydides' report, and about a Mass Burial  

·         Plague in the Ancient World

·         The Thucydides Syndrome: Ebola Déjà Vu?

·         History of the Olympics -

·         About Etruscan and Roman Medicine and The Doctor in Roman Society

·         Vatican Library Exhibit: Medicine & Biology

·         A note about the Basilica of Saints Cosman and Damian  

·         On the Physical Death of Jesus Christ 

·         About Forum Romanum, and an Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors 

·         We All Must Die

·         De Medicina

·         About Claudius Galen of Pergamum (c. 131-201 AD)  

·         Galen: Influence for 45 Generations

·         Galen Medicine & Pharmacy

·         Selected Works by Galen  

·         Galen: A Biographical Sketch 

·         A note on Ancient Myths and Avian Pestilence  

·         About Soranus of Ephesus

·         Digitalis Medicinalis - The Etymology of the Name

·         Ophthalmology in Ancient Rome

·         Augustine: Confessions and on the Problem of Evil

·         Fanns det läkare på Jesu tid?

·         Midwives and Maternity Care in the Roman World 

·         Diotima: Study of Women and Gender in the Ancient World 

·         Medicina Antiqua

·         About Rotation of the Elements 

·         About ancient Eleusis - Tufts Univ and The Eleusinian Mysteries  

·         Some Antique Roman Dishes 

MEDIEVAL PERIOD, 500 - 1450

·         Medieval Medicine 

·         Hellenistic-Roman Medicine. Arab Medicine. Medieval Times  

·         Medieval Manuscripts

·         A Medieval technology Timeline 

·         Byzantine Medicine  

·         On The Great Plague devastates Constantinople, AD 541-543

·         Procopius: The Plague, 542  

·         Un Viaggio Nella Medicina Medievale (Europa)

·         Some Case Studies  

·         An extract from Paul of Aegina: Epitome - On the Fracture of the Thigh and Nose

·         On the Sick  

·         Arabic Numerals 

·         The Impact of Translations of Muslim Sciences on the West 

·         The Works of Robert Grosseteste (ca. 1170-1253)

·         About the Life & Works of Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179), some Internet sites discussing her life and work, some more related material and links, and a bibliography 

·         Population Estimates 

·         Hildegard von Bingen and the Greening of Medieval Medicine 

·         On the Principles of Nature  

·         Sur l'Art de l'Alchimie 

·         The Articella  

·         On Magnets and the Roman d'Ene'as, and the invention of spectacles

·         Brief note about Guy de Chauliac  

·         La Scuola Medica Salernitana

·         About La Scuola Medica Salernitana and Biografie di medici medievali  

·         Salerno, the Mother of Medical Schools

·         About Regimen Sanitatis Salernitanum  

·         About Trotula of Salerno  

·         About some Patrons of the Medical Field  

·         An illustration of a Dissection around 1300 A.D.

·         The Foundation of the University of Heidelberg A.D. 1386

·         Health and Medieval Daily Life

·         Some notes on Medieval Medicine

·         On Medieval Medicine and Misconceptions about Medieval Medicine

·         Bubonic Plague in Renaissance Europe

·         The Plague

·         On Public morals in renaissance Florence, and Concerning A Mortality in the City of Florence in Which Many People Died

·         About Poisons and Antidotes in the Middle Ages 

·         Mythical Plants of the Middle Ages 

·         Witchcraft Documents (15th Century)

·         An Anatomical Illustration

·         Scholasticism in the 13th Century

·         Explore the Ancients and Alcemists

·         A brief note about the alchemist Geber ('False Geber')

·         Curriculum dell'Universita' de Bologna del 1407  

·         About Roger Bacon ('Doctor Mirabilis')  

·         Roger Bacon: Tract on the Tincture and Oil of Antimony

·         Roger Bacon's Place in the History of Alchemy

·         A collection of Alchemy related texts

·         Brief notes on The Philosopher's Stone

·         Les Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry  

·         The Pestilence Tyme 

·         The index of Medieval Medical Images

·         On Medieval Pest Control 

·         About Medieval Hospitals

·         The Old Operating Theatre, Herb Garret, St Thomas's Hospital  

·         Medicine in the 13-16th centuries: Universities, Hospitals, Anatomical Revolution  

·         On the History of Quarantine

EARLY MODERN PERIOD, 1451 - 1600

·         Die Göttinger Gutenbergbibel

·         A Physician's Handbook (Wellcome WMS.8004), and 'Turning the Pages'  

·         Biography of Vesalius

·         De Humani Corporis Fabrica 

·         About some Works by Vesalius and a woodcut

·         About George Bartisch and an exhibit of his Ophthalmodouleia; Das ist Augendienst  

·         History of Ophthalmology 

·         Dante's Inferno, and a Diagram of the Inferno  

·         Painting of Christ Among the Doctors (1506)  

·         Natural Magick by JB Porta 

·         About PA Mattioli's Commentarii/Herbal  

·         Anatomia del corpo humano 

·         The Treasure of Treasures for Alchemists

·         Paracelsus and The Medical Revolution of the Renaissance 

·         About the Zurich Paracelsus Project

·         The Renaissance and the Rise of Anatomy and Physiology and The Rise and Development of Modern Medicine 

·         Brief biography of Nostradamus  

·         "School of Athens"  

·         Some Anatomical Drawings & Sketches by Leonardo da Vinci, More Drawings, downloadable drawings

·         Leonardo Da Vinci's Anatomical Studies: a Unique Biomechanical Approach 

·         About Leonardo da Vinci

·         The Vitruvian Man

·         The Triumph of Death

·         Tregement der ghesontheyt

·         About Santorio Santorio and some more information

·         About Ambroise Paré

·         Who was Ambroise Paré? (1509-90)

·         History of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh

·         About the Barber-Surgeon

·         Brief History of Cesarean Section

·         Jesuits and the Sciences 1540 - 1619  

·         A Historical View of Padova, including a note about the Anatomy Theatre

·         About Wilhelm Fabry (1560-1634)

MODERN PERIOD, 1601 -

·         An introduction to The Doctrine of Signatures

·         About Jacob Böhme (Boehme)  

·         The 17th century: Scientific Revolution. Circulation of the Blood. The Doctrine of Contagion

·         De vocis auditusque organis historia anatomica 

·         Some Historical Documents on Scurvy

·         About Gaspare Tagliacozzi and Marcello Malpighi, in the History of the Univ. of Bologna

·         About Marcello Malpighi

·         The Great Instauration 

·         Mikrokosmographia: A Description of the Body of Man 

·         About "The Anatomy Lecture" of Nicolaes Tulp, and a picture

·         About the Anatomical Theatre

·         The Anatomy Theatre at Leiden  

·         About Rembrandt's Anatomy Lesson of Prof. Nicolaes Tulp (1632) 

·         About William Harvey (1578-1657)  

·         A Note about William Harvey

·         On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals 

·         A Brief Note on Giovanni Alfonso Borelli, and on the History of Spinal Biomechanics  

·         On Galen's Humours, on the rise of anatomy, and on the emergence of a mechanistic view

·         Some notes about Thomas Willis (1621-75), and a Brief Biography

·         Anatome Cerebri  

·         The Robert Boyle Project

·         History of the Thermometer 

·         Early Optics Instruments  

·         An illustration of Descarte's theory of vision

·         Important Dates in Vision Science 1660-1960 

·         About Antony van Leeuwenhoek  

·         Pictures of one of Leeuwenhoek's early instruments

·         Hidden Secrets in the Royal Society Archive (about A van Leeuwenhoek) 

·         Leeuwenhoek's Perception of the Spermatozoa

·         Inside view of the Chemical Laboratory at Univ. of Altdorf c. 1680 

·         Jesuits and the Sciences 1540 - 1995

·         About Robert Hooke, and 'England's Leonardo' (Robert Hooke 1653-1703) 

·         A picture of Hooke's Conpound Microscope

·         Parasites likely to have plagued Louis XIV 

·         Sir Isaac Newton, and his death mask  

·         Early history of the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of London  

·         On the Great Plague in 1665 

·         Citation: A remarkable case in the history of obstretical surgery ....

·         The end of the 17th century, the beginning of the 18th century. Spontaneous generation, genesis based on scabies, microscopic anatomy, anatomical waxworks  

18th Century

·         The Life Sciences in the 18th Century, and The Chemical Revolution 

·         Pictures of some Early Chemical Laboratories  

·         The 18th century. Clinical anatomy and the pathology of organs. Spallanzani. Jenner

·         About Antoine Laurent Lavoisier

·         Demise of Phlogiston 

·         On Phlogiston and the Decomposition of Water 

·         Phlogiston vs. Oxygen

·         Phlogiston After Oxygen

·         27 anatomical plates

·         About Nicolas Andry - The Grandfather of orthopaedics

·         About Giovanni Batista Morgagni  

·         Brief note about John Hunter (1728 -93)

·         Captain Cook and the Scourge of Scurvy

·         About Joseph Priestley and the Discovery of Oxygen  

·         The Photosynthesis Story  

·         Brief note about Luigi Galvani  

·         On the Origin of the Celsius Temperature Scale

·         About Carl Linnaeus - Uppsala Univ., and The Linnaeus Server

·         About Lamarck & His Theory of Evolution, and a painting of Lamarck

·         About Thomas Malthus  

·         Brief History of Immunology 

·         Edward Jenner and the Discovery of Vaccination  

·         The Jenner Museum  

·         Three Orginial Publications On Vaccination Against Smallpox, 1798

·         The Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert  

·         About James Graham's Celestial Bed  

·         About the Pasteur & Galt Apothecary Shop  

·         Some Illustrations (Obstetrics) 

·         About Samuel Thomas von Soemmering (1755 - 1830)  

·         About Joseph Black (1728-99)

·         History of Gas Laws

·         About Amedeo di Quaregna e Ceretto (comte Avogadro) and about Avogadro's number 

·         Essay on a Manner of Determining the Relative Masses ... and Proportions ..

·         About William Withering and Digitalis purpurea  

·         Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 1757--  

·         Philipe Pinel unchains the insane  

19th Century

·         An Overview of Medicine 1800-1899  

·         First part of the 19th century. Semeiotics, Sanitary assistance, Cell Pathology, and Microbiology

·         About John Dalton (1766-1844)  

·         About Justus von Liebig, and some Chemische Briefe  

·         On Cutaneous Diseases  

·         Nils Berner Sorensen: Therapia Generalis

·         JJ Berzelius  

·         History of the Chemistry of Life

·         Some Selected Classic Papers in Chemistry 

·         About Michael Faraday  

·         History of Electrochemistry  

·         A brief note about William Beaumont and Gastric Secretion  

·         The History of the Periodic Table  

·         About Dmitriy Mendeleev  

·         The history of diagnostic technology for diseases of the lungs 

·         An Interview With Guillaume Dupuytren  

·         About René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laennec, a photoprint, a scene from l'Hopital Necker, and a Laennec stethoscope

·         On the History of the Stethoscope 

·         The history of diagnostic technology for diseases of the lungs 

·         Baron Jean-Louis Alibert, the founder of French Dermatology

·         A letter by Elizabeth Blackwell, 1851, re the education of women physicians  

·         Images from Mascagni's Anatomica Universa  

·         About Ignaz Semmelweis 

·         The Childbed Fever Mystery and the Meaning of Medical Journalism

·         Hearing Aids Through the Ages, some pictures  

·         A Timeline of Hearing Devices and Early Deaf Education

·         Historical perspective on the auditory nerve

·         Frankenstein Exhibition  

·         The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

·         Die Schöne und der Wolf  

·         The Functions of the Brain: Gall to Ferrier (1808-1886)

·         About Archibald Scott Couper (1831-92)  

·         Brief Note about Friedrich Kekulé von Stradonitz

·         About Friedrich Wöhler and On the Artificial Production of Urea

·         About Richard Bright - Father of Nephrology, from the Roscoe R Robinson History of Nephrology Collection

·         The Lusk Kidney 

·         About Mathieu Joseph Bonaventure Orfila ('Father of Toxicology')  

·         From Quackery to Bacteriology

·         History of the Charite of Berlin  

·         (David) Livingstone Online

·         Health Situation in Nineteenth Century England  

·         From E. Chadwick's Report on Sanitary Conditions in Great Britain

·         History of Anesthesia  

·         The Unusual History of Ether, and a collection of History of Anesthesia 

·         Horace Wells: 'The Real Discoverer of Anesthesia' and a brief note about his daybook  

·         Hinckley's Who Was Who on Ether Day, Oct 16th, 1846, and some comments

·         Dr. Pean and His Surgery Class Before the Operation  

·         The Story of Burke and Hare  

·         Signals from the Grave - some early patents

·         The Ophthalmoscope and Hermann von Helmholtz  

·         About Louis Braille

·         History of Reading Codes for the Blind  

·         About Adam Politzer

·         About Rudolph Leuckart

·         The Florence Nightingale Museum, and a Selection of Her Letters  

·         On Victorian Medicine  

·         Photographies 1868  

·         About James Marion Sims

·         Emotions and Disease, and the picture Un Lecon Clinique a la Salpetriere (J-L Charcot and Blanche Wittman)

·         Mental Health History Timeline  

·         Freud: An overview of his ideas

·         Sigmund Freud, chronologically  

·         The Freud museum of London  

·         Prescription written for the wife of Sergius Pankejeff, the patient known as the "Wolf-Man, and a Freud Exhibition  

·         Classics in the History of Psychology 

·         History of Psychology 

·         Historic Asylums  

·         The Rorschach Test  

·         About Ivan Pavlov

·         About Guillaume Duchenne  

·         The Phineas Gage Information Page 

·         The American Crowbar Case (Phineas Gage)

·         Phrenology: The History of Brain Localization 

·         The History of Phrenology on the Web

·         Phrenology and the Fine Arts

·         MIND and BODY: From Descartes to James and about the History of Mesmerism etc. 

·         Phrenology, Mesmerism, and Spiritualism

·         About Dr. Paul Broca

·         Measuring Heads 

·         Mind, Brain and Adaptation in the Nineteenth Century: Cerebral Localization and Its Biological Context from Gall to Ferrier 

·         The Attraction of Magnetic Medicines

·         Medical Antiques

·         On the History and Origin of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement  

·         On the History of Medicine in Indiana  

·         History of U.S. Army Dentistry 

·         Medicine in US Civil War  

·         Office of (US Army) Medical History

·         About US Civil War Medicine 

·         (US) Civil War Battlefield Medicine  

·         About Claude Bernard  

·         About Léopold Ollier

·         Drug Development 1800s - 1919  

·         Herbalism in History  

·         Classical Herbal Works 

·         The Herbal Tradition

·         About Ferdinand Julius Cohn (1828-98)

·         The Life and Times of Louis Pasteur

·         A photo of Pasteur

·         History of the Pasteur Institute

·         Pasteur on fermenation and the discovery of germs  

·         Physiological Theory of Fermentation, 1879

·         Pasteur ou le triomphe médical d'un non-médicin 

·         About Robert Koch and a photo

·         Robert Koch und die Medizin seiner Zeit

·         About Robert Koch 

·         Koch's Postulates 

·         About John Snow and his Cholera Maps 

·         About Joseph Lister, and the history of sterilisation and disinfection  

·         Medical History of Nordhordland  

·         About Thomas Emerson Bond, Jr

·         About Charles Darwin

·         The Origin of Species 

·         About Sir Charles Lyell & Prof. TH Huxley, and Charles Darwin  

·         The Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle/Bird Volume  

·         Introduction to Evolutionary Biology from the talk.origins  

·         About Sir William Osler (1849-1919)

·         About Ernst Haeckel  

·         The MendelWeb 

·         Classic Papers in Genetics, and A History of Genetics 

·         A very brief note about Friedrich Miescher

·         Rudolph Virchow (1821-1902) and Zum 175. Geburtstag von Rudolf Virchow 

·         Some Manuscripts by Rudolph Virchow  

·         Virchow in Würzburg 

·         Rudolph Virchow visits the 1990's

·         Paul Ehrlich - Pharmaceutical Achiever  

·         About Paul Ehrlich and Chemotherapy

·         About Theodor Boveri

·         Theodor Boveri: The Life of a Great Biologist 1862-1915

·         About Ernst Neumann (1834 - 1918)  

·         Relief of Pain and Suffering, 1800 --

·         Milestones in Aspirin History  

·         A History of Aspirin 

·         About Joseph Francois Felix Babinski

·         The Discovery of the Electron

·         The X-ray Century - December 1896

·         The History of X-rays 

·         The Hand of Berta Röntgen

·         The Trail of Invisible Light: A Century of Medical Imaging  

·         From "Dr. Gaskill's" Home Remedies  

·         Inhalatorium

·         Medical Caricature in 19th century England and France  

·         Exhibits, and the Trent Room  

·         About the Babinski sign  

·         The History of Osteopathic Medicine